and upheaval in India at the time, this When & where did they rule? Where can the hostility between the Safavid & Ottoman Empire be seen today? for profit, to spread Christianity, and gain power.Had a powerful Spanish Conqueror who caused the fall of the Aztec Empire. Following the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church assembled at Council of Trent and proposed a counter reformation in which the Clergies are educated, stopped the indulgence, and emphasized the teachings. Large European empire that focused on gold and silver. Gunpowder Empires Unit: 1450 - 1750 Renaissance and Reformation. Christians even encouraged Ottomans for their taxes were lighter. Focused on fur trade like the French, A more rational form of Confucianism by rejecting Buddhism and Daoism elements. Engaged in the Columbian exchange that provided more food supply for the English and increased population. These changes resulted from overseas expansion and increasing commercial dominance. 155-163) society.Nobles continued to control the lower classes.Serfdom was Large expansion while incorporation many foreigners.Treaty of Nerchinsk outlined the boundaries between China and Russia. a. Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism of French expression. The money and other goods are then brought back to Africa in exchange for more slaves. However, the market revolution gave raise to massive production through factories and national markets. Began in 1517 in Germany by Martin Luther. Mostly Sufi/Shia (Against Sunni Ottoman). a continuity from previous periods? 1450-1750 Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, was a multi-ethnic and multi- religious Turkish-ruled state. The steppe and forest-steppe of Ukraine and southern Russia is good agricultural land, but it was traditionally held by pastoral nomads. How did Ivan IV extend the border of Russia eastward? When Japan closed off all European interactions except with the Dutch, they learned about West from the Dutch such as science and tech. Moscow could trade directly with Persia & Ottoman Empire without having to deal with strong forces of Crimean Tartars. Expanded greatly and ruled with power. Why? Many Africans would trade other Africans to the Europeans in exchange for guns., Between 1450 and 1700, attitudes toward the European poor changed dynamically, roughly following a three-part cycle., Agricultural efficiency gains in eighteenth century Europe can be attributed to a number of factors. Empire than in the other empires at this Even though subtle changes occurred, Eastern Europe's relationship to global trade patterns from 1750 to the present has remained nearly nonexistent, while the backbone of Latin America basic economy in the 1700's was its part in the Atlantic Slave Trade and Triangular Trade., Gastronomy changed drastically after the Columbian Exchange food that had never been seen in America was now part of daily life, and vice versa in Europe. Colonies begin to flock to the Northern Americas, domination fur trade and the river systems. WebUnit 3 - Land-Based Empires 1450-(use presentations and all unit 3 chapters in the AMSCO) Ottoman Empire. The Pugachev RebellionPugachev's Rebellion (or the Cossack Rebellion) of 1774-75 was the principal revolt in a series of popular rebellions that took place in Russia after Catherine II seized power in 1762. fierce peasant warriors hired by Stroganovs, major Russian landowners, to fight local tribes & Siberian khan. What was the result of the Ming Dynasty? collapse? Marking the end of Byzantium Empire and the start of the great Islamic rule. HOW did rulers legitimize and Major trade empire. They fought alongside Germany in distinct European state before it built its empireconquered some strict adherence to Islam & control of overland trade routes, city in Persia that became part of border between Sunni & Shi'a Islam societies - in 1541, was not conquered by the Safavid forces because they were stopped by the Ottomans. - veiled & restricted in movements Who was Tamerlane and where did he conquer? taxes, which they were understandably places, they would make the natives swear Military Reform Modern army, navy, modern gunpowder weapons 2. - British take over in 19th century, 1) Slavic people who migrated from Black Sea Sea, is controlled by Istanbul (not (especially Poland and around the Caspian sea). It began as an organized insurrection of Cossacks headed by Emelyan Pugachev, a disaffected ex-lieutenant of the Russian Imperial army. Italian Jesuit that was dispatched to China to spread Christian teachings and gain converts. Shah Abbas I (Safavid Empire) It truly What methods did this empire What did Ivan III (the Great) establish for the first time ever in Russia? tribute. warlords were loosely organized into what was called Kievan Rus.The External conflicts? Give 5 vocab. .Expanded Russian Expansion Similar to USA expansion westward Driven by need for protection, fur trade Russians demanded loyalty and tribute from conquered peoples Russian settlers migrated to Siberia Russification of previously nomadic peoples USA bought Alaska from Russia in 1867 for 2 cents an acre!! Jerusalem and Constantinople fell to Ottoman (renamed Istanbul). WebThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. conclusion of Hundred Year's War between France & England It is now January 1,20151,20151,2015 . Choose the letter of the term that best completes each sentence. Balkans, North Africa, and Southeast Farming was improved through the use of crop rotation, enclosure, the growing of turnips and the division on farms across the country. Using and improving the telescope, he finds the moons of Jupiter and writing the Starry Messenger. They engaged in conflict, mostly with elites. military with gunpowder weaponsDemanded tax (tribute or yasak) from Russian Empire reached its maximum territory in Asia with the Russo-Japanese War, where after its defeat, Russia ceded Manchuria, southern Sakhalin, Russian Many of the core areas of the West transformed; governments increased their powers, science became the focus of intellectual life. Sent colonists to the Americas yet the Spain born Peninsulares are more powerful. Include any special military units - failed Siege of Vienna in 1638 Give 3 examples of monarchies emerging after the Middle Ages in Europe. The indulgence was wrong as well as the church being the middleman. lower classesThe secret police & the Tsars special forces Creates schools for sea voyage and cartography. (where did he expand, what was the reaction to his expansion, etc.)? words that describe government in Turkic. Venice, which was acceptable because No, there are a lot of big ones at the Also, Western Europe had rivalries and competition among the states. army Describe the cannons used by the Ottoman Empire to capture Constantinople. Lots of human sacrifices. conquest for them. Ottoman Empire Name:_______________________________________________ Date:____________ Period:________, (use presentations and all unit 3 chapters in the AMSCO), Location: Modern-day Turkey, the Accidentally kills son, leaving Russia without an heir, The Romanovs 1613: Michael Romanov becomes czar, founds dynasty that continues until 1917. consolidate power? The growth of commerce affected all continents but its greatest impact was in western Europe. continued expansionInstituted an educational system and offered WebReplaced the Mongols during the 1450-1750 periods enlarged and more centralized with standing army an Timeline - History /a > 1450-1750 concerns - defending Empire could be made from products sugar! WebRussian expansion in Eurasia between 1533 and 1894 The first stage from 1582 to 1650 resulted in North-East expansion from the Urals to the Pacific. Builds Versailles to keep nobles in check so he would remain as the absolute ruler. Describe place of women in Safavid Empire. Huge expansion of the Ottoman Empire.Golden Age of art and culture. The idea of exporting more than importing or better known as mercantilism was a key concept because America supplied the raw material and Europe refined it., Though it may sound heartless and selfish, the needs and aims of countries usually are the primary factor controlling their foreign relations. women had the ability to own land and Some parts of Xinjiang remain troubled while the local Muslim population, Uighurs, never became incorporated into Chinese culture. Portuguese explorer that was the first to sail from Europe to India directly. throughout the Empire caused it to What made the Gunpowder Empires successful? and more. religion sort of Front and Center in MC 048 http: //www. sole rulers of the Russian state. In addition, they Many American's families stop raising their own products, and they began buying products from national markets. The modern plantation system brought to more slaves because the demand for sugar was increasing. (pgs. The government can justekst\underline{\phantom{\text{justekst}}}justekst in economic activity in a variety of ways. What does it mean? Many of the core areas of the West transformed; governments increased their powers, science became the centerpiece of intellectual life and ideas on family and marriage changed. moment. and Central Asia Russian war victories led to territorial gains 6th Emperor of Qing, Despite his retirement, however, he retained ultimate power until his death in 1799. A persian term for Mongols, the Muslims of a Turkic were mistaken as Mongols. Chinese dynasty established in 1368 that overthrew the Yuan Dynasty; during this era, Portuguese and other Europeans arrived, aiming to encroach on the Asian trade network & renewed the Great Wall of China, foreign invaders from Manchuria that seized power in China and established the Qing Dynasty, Chinese empire ruled from 1644-1911 founded by the Manchu, one of China's longest-reigning emperors (ruled 1661-1722) who presided over a period of stability & expansion during the Qing Dynasty in China, ruled 1736-1796 who was a poet that was also known for being knowledgable in art & calligraphy, invented in Europe that increased literacy rate, large, multiethnic states in Southwest, Central, and South Asia that relied on firearms to conquer and control territories, the largest & most enduring of the great Islamic empires of this period founded by the Osman Dynasty in 1300s and lasted until its defeat in 1918 by the Allies in WWI; extended from modern-day Turkey, Balkans of Europe, and parts of North Africa & Southeast Asia, Safavid dynasty founded in Safavid order of Sufism established in northern Azerbaijan region (Iran) & was Shi'a Islam, 300-year dynasty founded in 1520s by Babur during a time when India was in disarray & had a central government similar to Suleiman of the Ottoman Empire, model for warrior life that blended the cooperative values of nomadic culture with the willingness to serve as a holy fighter for Islam, aka "jatis"; strict social groupings designated at birth for Hindus - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Dalits, ruled 1547-1584; Ivan the Terrible crowned tsar in 1547 & immediately expended Russian border eastward, aka Timur the Lame; a Mongol-Turkic ruler of the late 14th century that set the stage for the rise of Turkic empires, ruled 1520-1566 that allowed the Ottoman Empire to reach its peak; also known as Suleiman the Magnificent, a 14-15 year old Safavid military hero that conquered most of Persia & pushed to Iraq; eventually, he conquered all of Iran and was proclaimed shah of the Safavid Empire, called Abbas the Great (ruled 1588-1629); presided over the Safavid Empire's height, Babur's grandson who achieved grand religious & political goals in the Mughal Empire. concepts were all employed by rulers New empires based on technology and new forms of organization arose. He was a Mongol-Turkic ruler of the late 14th century who invaded Samarkland (Uzbekistan) to Persia (Iran) and India. They were also effective as a long or short range weapon. When Ottomans won victory against the Safavid, ending it's rule once and for all, gaining all the territories. Tamerlane French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state. Not Holy, Not Roman, Not Empire's Holy Roman Empire. heartlandabsorbed conquered people or Russified themWas less Russia on the other hand was heavily concerned with territorial expansion, eventually becoming the chief power of Eastern Europe. their rule over the people by using the successfully conquer Russia during the winter. The Qing Dynasty's government suppressed the uprising brutally, killing around 100,000 peasants. Early Russia & Mongol InvasionIn the 600s-1200s, feudal leading traders. German blacksmith who was also the inventor of the printing press as a mobile technology. managed to stabilize East Asian region for nearly 300 years & Portuguese and other Europeans arrived, aiming to encroach on the Asian trade network. remaining testaments to wealth & sophistication of Mughal Empire, Western Europe grew in strength economically & militarily - particularly in terms of sea power. 2) Vikings from rivers & founded trading outpost similar to ones in Iceland & Greenland, trade hierarchy, with warriors, peasants, Gunpowder Empires. religion sort of Front and Center in their politically isolated from Western Europe. Learn. It was profitable for a while but soon lacked resources and became unprofitable. Include any special military Lessons. - revolts among Hindu & Islamic princes Why did Russia want to control the Volga River? The Japanese didn't want it, The market revolution improved manufacturing of products, and make them more accessible to the public. empire, they used explosives to Why did Russia remain despite other gunpowder empires falling? WebBETWEEN 1450 AND 1750 RUSSIA BUILT AN EMPIRE Just like the western European powers It conquered, settled, and explored It imposed its institutions But Russia trade embargoes & official bans on trade for Safavid silk traders. (HINT: If true, state which empire), aka the Conqueror; ruled Ottoman Empire from 1451-1481; firmly established empire's capital at Istanbul (Constantinople). After a time of disintegration forced people to pay tribute. Provider and providee. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Name:_______________________________________________ Date:____________, (use presentations and all unit 3 chapters in the. Treaty in which the Spanish and Portuguese agreed to divide the world into halves and allow each other to conquest within the halves. Relocation of the capital to St. Petersburg, Peter the Great Interrogating his son, Alexei, later tortured and killed at Peters instruction for disobeying the emperor, The most famous (1782) statue of Peter I in Saint Petersburg, informally known as the Bronze Horseman, Catherine the Great 1762 -1796 German princess who married Peters grandson Seized power from her husband to become czarina Continued policy of westernization and reform. and as they lacked a navy, they could .Ottoman Empire, Eastern Europe, Match the following terms with their definitions. the 1200s to 1400s. propel Moscow to prominence. While Russia remained an agricultural society, the West became very commercially active and developed a strong manufacturing base. Western civilization altered significantly between 1450 and 1750. 599 x 487, Russia Brief History of an Empire1450s to 1700s, CULTURAL & POLITICAL INFLUENCES on RUSSIASlavic, Viking, These productivity gains were achieved through innovations in agricultural technology, techniques, and tools. HOW was religion used to maintain They primarily expanded by annexing Empire's borders and only opened them They primarily used conquest to continue If the bank compounds interest annually, how much will you have in your account on January 1,20181, 20181,2018? Safavid Because they were a gunpowder Why was Moscow well positioned for trade? rule out Russians from Byzantines & isolated them from Europe & other nation culture Of course, there were the Americans Russia was a pivotal position for what? Overview 1450: still under Mongol control Isolated from advancements of Western Europe 1750: enormous land empire Territorial expansion eastward Governmental reforms, Breaking Free from the Mongols set up tributary feudal state with Moscow as collection point This shifted power from Kiev to Moscow Mongols got local Moscow princes to help in administration This strengthens Dutchy of Moscow and gives them administrative experience Moscow leads successful fight for, Ivan III (the Great) begins annexing surrounding territory Married niece of last Byzantine ruler proclaims Moscow the third Rome, heir to Rome and Constantinople, Ivan IV (the Terrible) First czar, begins annexation of Siberia Decreased the power of the boyars (Russian nobles) Killed, took their land, or relocated boyars This significantly increased the power of the monarchy. Decline of Empire emptying of China's treasury & some trading privileges were sold to Europe. different regions and trading with The Indian caste system is the basis of what for Indian society? How and why did this empire Charles V was unable to unify it and faced obstacles of Protestant, Catholic, and other religious reason of separation. How much will you have in your account on January 1,20181, 20181,2018, based on 8%8 \%8% annual compounding? rights, including inheritance and, in Under Mehmed II, where was the capital of the Ottoman Empire? How did the ghazi ideal help the Gunpowder Empires grow? Even though they were unable to conquer WebFrom about 450 CE on, the Gupta empire faced invasions in the northwest region of the empire from the Hephthalitessometimes called the White Huns. on much of the trade in Russia, Western styles from architecture to fact that the government's rulers were rule of Russia between powerful boyar families led to a series of 514 x 422 He attempted to take Vienna twice, but failed both times. Which famous building was built during the Mughal Dynasty? Due to the pastoral influences of the Religion / Culture Though he didn't capture it, Venice had to pay him a yearly tax. units and use of bureaucratic While remaining an agricultural society, the West became very commercially active and developed a strong manufacturing sector. He initiated military campaigns in lands west of China, which led to annexation of Xinjiang along with mass killings of local population. Mughal. aspects of religion. and women to interactTaxed men who did not cut their beardsSet up Sent out large naval forces to find tribute states but was canceled due to "lack of profit" and other attention for the Mongols. transoceanic connections with the Americas. Vietnam: failure. Location: Modern-day Turkey, the Balkans, North Africa, and Southeast Asia Dates: 1300s-Safavid Empire. He championed literature, and he corresponded with European rulers & wrote his own memoirs. While the Ottomans were Sunni, the Major trade route in the Atlantic. What religion did Russian missionaries want to convert Siberian tribes to? What happened to peasants who fell into debt in Russia? Russian interaction with . Two types were land-based and maritime commercial empires., Russia 1450-1750Western civilization changed significantly between 1450 and 1750. annexed Xinjiang, killing the local WebUnit: 1450 - 1750 Renaissance and Reformation. fully integrated into Chinese culture. and use of bureaucratic elites. First Wave of Exploration Concluded Beginnings of Industrialization 1450-1750. Contacts among the civilizations intensified. loud booming voice. IMPERIAL EXPANSION, RUSSIA. In the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries the principal methods of state expansion included military conquest, frontier settlement, and expansion into territories not under effective jurisdiction by other states, and alliances and diplomatic deals with local ruling elites, who became clients or subjects of Russia. as a method of tax collection. Proposed that the Catholic Church was not fulfilling the necessary needs for the religion. Russia Brief History of an Empire1450s to 1700s. some extreme circumstances, divorce, : Why 1450? - descended from Turkic nomads who once lived in Central Asia Mongol influence from Central Asia & European influence from Viking invasions & trading. He was one of the longest-reigning emperors who presided over a period of stability & expansion. Most of the people received. import: gold & silver (pgs. Provided great philosophy for the Chinese. A timeline noting important empires, people, and events from the foundation of the world between 1450 and 1750. BEARDS! e. Suppose you deposit three equal payments into your account on January 111 of 201620162016, 201720172017, and 201820182018. Located in modern day Peru, using peaceful and conquest for expansion. During the period of the czars, from 1547 to 1917, Russias need for land and modernization shaped its relationships with Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire, causing Russias leaders to respect and imitate Western Europe while competing with the European powers to fill the power vacuum of the failing Ottoman Empire., The main trend relating to technology, demography, and the environment from 1450 to 1750 are Some of the most influential new technologies were guns, improved shipbuilding, and better navigational devices. What lands did the Ming Dynasty expand China to? served as a model for warriors who participated in rise of Gunpowder Empires & for Tamerlane. Burma: failure Ruler of France, Absolute Monarch stating that he was the State. When did Ivan the Terrible rule? and legitimize political authority? Islamic law gave women certain How did Ivan the Terrible accomplish his conquest of Russians? Reason for exploration: God, Gold, Glory. Social Contract - People should get together for the good of the state/nation, even if they must overthrow the government. After the Treaty of Tordesilla, Portugal got to keep all of West for exploration with the exception of Brazil in the East. Kangxi lucrative overland trade routes. were the extent of this empire. converted in 11th century because Islam's prohibition on alcohol saying "Drink is the joy of the Russian.". What did Europe's expansion involve that was unique from the Gunpowder Empires? Founder of the Jesuit Unit, aimed to spread the teachings and promotion of Christianity. One of the key factors that allowed the creation of the Russian and Western European empires is that they had different motives. Web1492 - 1750 Sents colonies to the Americas for colonization. first leader. - sultans faced "harem politics" - navy captured island of Rhodes (now part of Greece) in 1522 429 x 357 The spread of sickness and famine Resistance & Rivalries Delhi Sultanates in 1206 in northern India, Timur - last great Central Asian conquerer in Mongol tradition - and Chinggis Khan, They were descended from Chinggis Khan and called "Mughals", which is Persian-Arabic for Mongols. Bureaucracy is all around us. 463. a. their lives since they were one of the Portuguese explorer. administration resembled that of the Pj 1 t. AKm. : an American History (Eric Foner), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. expanded and rural peasants sufferedLittle freedom was offered to Russia, on the other hand, was heavily concerned with territorial expansion, eventually becoming the chief power of Eastern Europe. Istanbul. Huge conflict with Hindus. - took advantage of power vacuums left by breakup of Mongol khanates - spoke Turkic language It created a mass production of goods. Fragments due to Protestant Reformation and dominates with Absolute Monarchy. just began to grow under Babur, their What were some of the conflicts during this period, and why were they significant? Mongols from NE vs. Islamic forces from Arabia & Mediterranean, Turkey, Balkans of Europe, parts of North Africa & SE Asia, largest & most enduring great Islamic empires during 1450-1750, A single dynasty controlled the empire for more than 600 years: True or False. regions for securityconquered regions close to their Local leaders in Mughal Empire that make accurate tax assessments & made sure taxes were collected, AP World Unit 6: Consequences of Industrializ. WebDownload presentation. A lot of the core areas of the West transformed; governments increased their powers, science became the focus of WebThe Russian Empire Following the kingdom of Moscows defeat of the Mongol Golden Horde Khanate, the kingdoms leaders used their power to begin building a Russian territory. Which two major forces would continue to battle with each other into the 14th century? The market revolution also gave rise to new inventions,, Agricultural changes greatly impacted the start of the Industrial Revolution in England. They also played around with with them. Ismail (Safavid Empire) selling precious stones, Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Give Me Liberty! Russian nobles were eliminatedTrained bureaucrats came from the (HINT: $), local Muslim population in Xinjiang who never fully became incorporated into the rest of Chinese culture, Tell whether expansion efforts by China were successful or unsuccessful in these regions: (#2), Explain how and why various land-based empires developed & expanded from 1450 to 1750. Found by Osman, large territorial expansion in the Middle East, encompassing most of the Islamic world and even the European world. 8), 8. What goods were imported and exported in Mughal Empire? to reflect the legitimacy of their rulers. 344 x 292 Contrary to popular believes, the CE does not truly end when Columbus dies. the state's highest authority. Anyone of another religion were tried and forced to either convert, leave, or die. Ottoman Empire. What was the Ottoman relationship with Venice? the other two Islamic Empires; the rest What was significant about Emperor Kangxi's rule AND what regions did he incorporate into China's rule? Queen Isabella & King Ferdinand in Spain. The Chinese Emperors legitimized Court official and a mariner admiral. imperial growth, they used new tax Where did they move the center of Russia? Muslims. Starter of the Protestant Reformation, contesting the Catholic Church and says that salvation shall be achieved by faith and faith alone. Allowed mobility in government based upon meritBuilt St. The abdication of Nicholas II on March 15, 1917, marked the end of the empire Muslim Turkics. the lower classesSocial unrest and revolt was common, ****Eliminated the Terem - the isolation of womenEncouraged men Slowly develops into Constitutional Government. Many of the core areas of the West transformed; governments increased their powers, science became the focus of degree of independence in the Ottoman Huge fleet of Junk that was sent to find tributary states. Buildings in Samarklandd are lasting reminds of his interest in architecture & decorative arts. What was the result of these efforts to expand? : Political Revolutions Why 1450? Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. After restoring power from the Mongol empire of Yuan, the Ming rejected much of the Mongolian practices yet secretly kept the beneficial customs of government and such.